Overview

This integrated unit on rocks will be taught to a first grade class at Yankee Ridge School, in Urbana. This classroom is composed of 22 children of varying ability levels. Since the ability levels are so diverse, the activities contained in the units are meant to meet the diverse needs of the students. There are many hands-on, open-ended activities that are intended to reach the needs of every student. This unit on rocks is one part of a greater unit on geology that will consists of three units: rocks, dinosaurs, and earthquakes and volcanoes. This unit will be taught over a one week period, from April 8-12. The unit on geology will be completed over a three week period, from April 8-26.

Many topics will be covered in the unit on rocks, as it is a very large subject area with many important concepts to be introduced. Rocks are a great area of study for first grade students because they are already interested in rocks as tangible, real objects in their world, their curiosity in this subject provides a natural vehicle into many different things. Rocks were chosen as the first part of the unit on geology because it will provide useful prior knowledge and a natural pathway into the studies of dinosaurs and earthquakes and volcanoes. By focusing on so many topics, I hope to provide the children with a wide range of knowledge on the topic of geology.

A first grade student will not be able to learn everything there is to know about rocks. The activities I chosen for this unit are intended to give the children a basic working knowledge of some different areas of rocks and the earth, such as the earth's layers, minerals, characteristics of rocks, how rocks change, and fossils. More importantly, through this unit, rocks will be used as a vehicle to learn and practice techniques that students will find useful throughout their lives. Such skills as observation, classification, and description will be heavily employed throughout this unit. Rocks will also be used as a vehicle to practice many math skills such as weighing, measuring, and graphing characteristics. Many of the activities in this unit incorporate the students working in small groups. The groups will be composed of the daily table groups that the students are already assigned to. These table groups consist of 5-6 students each, with students of varying ability levels, to form a heterogeneous mixture of students.

An important aspect employed into the unit to help the children keep track of the many topics we will be covering is the Geology Journal. This journal will be used to record all activities that will be done over the course of the unit. It will be used for daily writing activities, reflections on science activities, comparisons of different literature used, as well as any worksheets that will be used throughout the unit. One of the most important aspects of the journal will be the glossary. Since there will be many new terms for the students to learn, they will be forming a geology glossary throughout the unit. The students will write at least one sentence about each term they are asked to put in their glossary. This glossary will serve several purposes: writing practice, knowledge, and spelling. Since the students will be keeping these journals and writing about their experiences, they will need to know how to spell these words. If they are easily accessible in their own journals, then they will not need assistance for those particular words.

An important aspect of the daily routine in this classroom is called the Morning Work Period. During this time children do three different activities independently: language arts workbook, a writing activity, and an art activity. During my integrated unit, the assigned writing activity will be some aspect of the unit. For example, in one of the lessons, the students will be creating their own fossils. That day, they will write journal entries telling a story about how they discovered their fossil. The activities during this period will also be ones that the students can do independently, or with little assistance since reading groups are also going on at this time.

The classroom that this unit will be taught in revolves around the use of learning centers. The different centers that the students participate in are: listening, science, writing, and math. Although the centers are labeled as such, they are usually integrated into other subject areas as well. Most of the activities I will employ for center time will be integrated into at least two subject areas. These centers, as well as the morning work, must have activities in which the students can be independently working, since that is one of the most important concepts in the use of learning centers. Centers begin on Monday, and sufficient introduction to the activities and topics will be provided, so as to create a natural sequence to activities. At the end of the week, closure will be made through a review of the center activities and how they relate to the rest of the unit.

The activities and lessons for social studies and science in this classroom are intended to be short, half hour mini-lessons, since more concentration is given to center work in these areas. The read-aloud time in this classroom is also a large part of the social studies and science learning. Each day one fiction and one non-fiction book on the integrated unit topic of study is read aloud and discussed with the students. The mini-lessons and read aloud time will be integrated to allow for cohesion and greater learning for the students.

There is a one hour block of time each day for math lessons and math tubs. As previously mentioned, rocks will be used as manipulatives to practice skills such as weighing, measuring, and graphing. These skills will be modeled, taught, and practiced during the math lesson period, which is approximately half of the math hour. The second half of the math hour concentrates on the use of math tubs which rely on the use and practice of math skills with manipulatives. For this unit, rocks will be used as the manipulatives for the math tubs.

The culminating activity for this unit is a field trip to the Natural History Museum at the University of Illinois. A paleontologist of the University will escort the class through the museum. In addition, the children will explore a hands-on discovery room and see real dinosaur specimens at the museum as well. This activity will take place at the end of the three week unit on Geology.
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