"I shall be calling Orientalism, a way of coming to terms with the Orient that is based on the Orient’s special place in European Western experience.  The Orient is not only adjacent to Europe; it is also the place of Europe’s great and richest and oldest colonies, the source of its civilizations and languages, its cultural contestant, and one of its deepest and most recurring images of the Other.  In addition, the Orient has helped to define Europe (or the West) as its contrasting image, idea, personality, experience.  Yet none of this Orient is merely imaginative.  The Orient is an integral part of European material civilization and culture.  Orientalism expresses and represents that part culturally and even ideologically as a mode of discourse with supporting institutions, vocabulary, scholarship, imagery, doctrines, even colonial bureaucracies and colonial styles."  (pp. 1-2)